How is homeostasis defined?

Homeostasis refers to the body's processes that maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions. This equilibrium involves various physiological mechanisms that regulate factors such as temperature, pH, hydration, and electrolyte balance. For instance, when the body temperature rises, mechanisms such as sweating and increased blood flow to the skin help cool it down. Conversely, if the temperature drops, shivering and blood vessel constriction help preserve heat. By effectively managing these internal factors, the body ensures that vital processes can function efficiently, which is critical for health and survival.

The focus on maintaining stability in the body’s internal conditions is what characterizes homeostasis, distinguishing it from other physiological responses such as adaptation to extreme temperatures or responding to sensory input.