What is a general guideline when administering drugs to older adults?

Starting low and going slow when administering drugs to older adults is a crucial guideline due to several physiological factors that affect drug metabolism and response in this population.

As individuals age, there can be significant changes in body composition, organ function, and pharmacokinetics, which influence how medications act in their system. For example, older adults often have a higher body fat percentage, decreased lean body mass, and reduced liver and kidney function, which can result in slower drug clearance from the body. This increased sensitivity can lead to a higher risk of adverse effects and toxicity if standard or high dosages are used.

By starting at a lower dose, healthcare providers can closely monitor the individual’s response to the medication and adjust the dosage accordingly. This cautious approach helps to minimize the risk of side effects and allows for better management of any reactions or complications that may arise. Gradual increases in dosage are also beneficial, as they provide clarity on how the patient is handling the medication.

This guideline is especially important in older adults who often have multiple comorbidities and may be taking several medications simultaneously, which increases the risk of drug interactions. Therefore, adopting a conservative approach in drug dosing can significantly improve safety and efficacy in this demographic.